The same year, the Zionist movement was founded by Theodore Herzl. The Dreyfus Affair had convinced him that Jews would never be accepted as equals in Europe.
Imperialist conflict was high on the agenda. Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped on British bunions by sending Paul Kruger, President of the Boer Republic, a telegram of congratulation for his fending off the Jameson Raid from British controlled Cape Colony. Italian imperialism was dealt a humiliating blow by its crushing military defeat at Adowa in Abyssinia. It was a better year for French imperialism: they declared Madagascar a colony.
Thomas Hardy published Jude the Obscure (Featuring the classic corny line: "Done because we are too many.")
French scientist Henri Becquerel discovered the radioactive properties of uranium. The atomic age had begun.
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